Top 5 Exercises to Improve Mobility in Senior Dogs

As dogs age, their joints and muscles naturally lose strength and flexibility. This can lead to stiffness, discomfort, and reduced mobility, which affects their quality of life. Keeping senior dogs active with the right exercises helps maintain joint health, muscle tone, and overall well-being. This post highlights five effective exercises designed to improve mobility in senior dogs, helping them stay comfortable and active longer.

Senior dog walking gently on grass

Why Mobility Matters for Senior Dogs

Mobility is crucial for a dog's independence and happiness. When movement becomes painful or difficult, dogs may avoid activity, leading to muscle loss and joint stiffness. Regular, gentle exercise can:

• Reduce joint pain and inflammation

• Strengthen muscles supporting the joints

• Improve balance and coordination

• Enhance mental stimulation and mood

  
  

Before starting any new exercise routine, consult your veterinarian to ensure the activities suit your dog’s health condition.

1. Controlled Leash Walks

Walking is one of the simplest and most effective ways to keep senior dogs moving. Controlled leash walks encourage gentle movement without overexertion.

• Keep walks short and slow, around 10 to 15 minutes

• Use a harness instead of a collar to reduce neck strain

• Choose flat, soft surfaces like grass or dirt trails

• Allow your dog to set the pace and take breaks as needed

  
  

Walking regularly helps maintain joint lubrication and muscle tone, while also providing mental stimulation through new sights and smells.

2. Sit-to-Stand Exercises

This exercise strengthens the hind legs and improves joint flexibility. It mimics natural movements dogs perform daily.

• Ask your dog to sit, then encourage them to stand up slowly

• Use treats or a favorite toy as motivation

• Repeat 5 to 10 times per session, twice a day

• Support your dog if they struggle to stand

  
  

Sit-to-stand exercises build muscle strength around hips and knees, which supports better mobility and reduces the risk of falls.

3. Assisted Range of Motion (ROM) Movements

Assisted ROM exercises gently move your dog’s joints through their natural range without forcing movement.

• Support your dog’s leg and slowly bend and straighten the joints

• Focus on hips, knees, elbows, and shoulders

• Perform 5 to 10 repetitions per joint, once or twice daily

• Stop if your dog shows signs of pain or discomfort

  
  

These movements help maintain joint flexibility and reduce stiffness, especially for dogs with arthritis or joint issues.

Assisted joint movement for senior dog’s leg

4. Swimming or Hydrotherapy

Water supports the dog's weight, reducing stress on joints while allowing full range of motion.

• Use a dog-friendly pool or hydrotherapy center

• Start with short sessions, around 10 minutes

• Always supervise your dog in water

• Swimming improves cardiovascular health and muscle strength

  
  

Hydrotherapy is especially beneficial for dogs with arthritis or recovering from surgery, as it provides low-impact exercise.

5. Balance and Coordination Exercises

Improving balance helps prevent falls and keeps dogs agile.

• Use a balance disc or soft cushion for your dog to stand on

• Encourage shifting weight from side to side

• Practice walking over low obstacles or uneven surfaces

• Keep sessions short and positive

  
  

These exercises engage core muscles and improve proprioception, which is the dog’s awareness of body position.

Senior dog practicing balance on a disc

Tips for Exercising Senior Dogs Safely

• Always warm up with gentle petting or slow walking

• Avoid high-impact or strenuous activities

• Watch for signs of pain, limping, or fatigue

• Keep sessions short and frequent rather than long and intense

• Use positive reinforcement to encourage participation

  
  

If your dog has specific health issues, work with a veterinarian or canine physical therapist to tailor exercises to their needs.